Author Topic: (AAN abst.) EEG findings and clinico-radiographic correlation in Tysabri-associated PML  (Read 110 times)

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Offline agate

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Presented at the annual AAN conference (Boston, April 2017):

Quote
EEG findings and clinico-radiographic correlation in nataluzimab-associated
progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy


Zehra Husain1, Roumen Balabanov2, Miral Jhaveri1, Fabian Sierra Morales1, Igor Koralnik1, Adriana Bermeo Ovalle1

1
Rush University Medical Center, 2 Northwestern Memorial Hospital

Objective:

To describe the clinical, radiographic, and EEG features of nataluzimab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (nataluzimab-PML) patients with suspected seizures.

Background:

Seizures are a known complication of nataluzimab-PML, especially during immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). However, specific EEG findings have not been described or correlated with clinical/radiographic data.

Design/Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed patients diagnosed with nataluzimab-PML at a tertiary referral center from 2010-2015. We evaluated EEGs performed during suspected seizures and reviewed concurrent MRIs with a senior neuroradiologist. EEG findings were compared to MRI abnormalities and descriptions of clinical events.

Results:

12/14 (85.7%) patients were female; mean age of nataluzimab-PML onset was 43.9.

Though 11/14 received seizure prophylaxis, 9/14 (64.3%) underwent EEGs for suspected seizures during IRIS: 7/9 (77.8%) focal motor, 5 (55.6%) isolated altered mental status (AMS), 3 (33.3%) dyscognitive/automotor.

Interictal electrographic activity comprised 6 (66.7%) with a combination of focal fast and rhythmic slow (FFRS), 6 (66.7%) intermittent irregular regional slowing, 5 (55.6%) intermittent bifrontal delta, 4 (44.4%) PLED/PREDs, 2 (22.2%) intermittent temporal rhythmic theta. Only 1 (11.1%) featured independent regional epileptiform discharges. Ictal patterns included 4 (44.4%) regional repetitive rhythmic spiking, 2 (22.2%) evolving regional rhythmic activity, 1 (11.1%) ictal intermittent regional rhythmic delta activity. All MRIs demonstrated restricted diffusion, with 6 (66.7%)
new/increasing T2/FLAIR hyperintensities, 4 (44.4%) enhancement, 4 (44.4%) hyperintense cortical signal (HCS).

3/9 had pre-seizure HCS. Co-localization of MRI to epileptiform activity was 72.2% for enhancement, 61.1% HCS, 52.6% FLAIR/DWI.

Conclusions:

Seizures were the most common presenting symptom of nataluzimab-PML IRIS, despite prophylaxis. Isolated AMS was a frequent presentation. EEG findings suggest regional coexistence of subcortical pathology and cortical irritability. FFRS was the most frequent epileptiform abnormality. Epileptiform activity co-localized most
reliably with radiographic enhancement.

5/9 patients required chronic seizure treatment.

This data highlights the value of early EEG as a prospective diagnostic tool for patients with nataluzimab-PML.
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SPMS, diagnosed 1980. Avonex 2001-2004. Copaxone 2007-2010. Glatopa (glatiramer acetate 40mg 3 times/week) since 12/16/20.

 

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