I've been working on sit-to-stand exercises and so was interested when I saw this abstract in PubMed (December 17, 2022)--"Determination of five times sit-to-stand test performance in patients with multiple sclerosis: Validity and reliability":
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36524614/The five-times-sit-to-stand test is described in another abstract:
The Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTSST) measures the time in which an individual takes to stand up and sit down five times from a seated position. To perform the test, the person must sit in a chair, with arms crossed over his chest and with his back resting on the back of the chair. Therefore, the chair should have a straight back, and it is recommended it have a height between 43–46 cm. [= 17-18 inches] When ordered, the person should stand up completely and then return to the sitting position during 5 repetitions, performing this activity as fast as possible. The FTSST is a useful, consistent, and low-cost tool for assessing the ability to stand and sit in the shortest possible time. Performance on FTSST is dependent on lower limb muscle strength, so this test is commonly used as an indicator of lower limbs strength (particularly in adult and older populations), balance control, and fall risk.
[Reference numbers omitted.] From PubMed (June 9, 2021):
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8228261/Scoring of the test, according to the American Physical Therapy Association Website:
--16.0 sec indicates the risk of falls
--Cut-off score of 16 sec discriminates fallers from non-fallers
--Mean time=20.25 sec (14.12)